Recognizing Simulator Sickness

Let's first clarify what simulator sickness entails and identify common symptoms.

Simulator sickness (SS), often referred to as "visually induced motion sickness (VIMS)," occurs when visual inputs suggest movement, but the body does not experience actual motion. This disconnect triggers a physiological response akin to poisoning, known as Sensory Conflict Theory.

Common symptoms include:

• Nausea or vomiting
• Cold sweats
• Pale complexion
• Gastric discomfort
• Dizziness, especially for individuals with pre-existing conditions like vertigo or migraines
• General unease

The Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), developed by Kennedy et al. in 1993, provides a comprehensive assessment of these symptoms, allowing for the calculation of a simulator sickness score. For those interested in deeper insights, I also discuss measuring simulator sickness in my article aimed at UX researchers.

Strategies to Mitigate VR Discomfort

Now that we have a grasp on simulator sickness, let’s delve into specific strategies to help users avoid it.

1. Review the Headset Manual

   Although it might seem tedious, most VR headsets come with a quick start guide that offers essential tips on usage and recommended duration for immersive experiences. Advanced headsets may feature unique sensors or software that enhance accessibility. A brief review of the manual can reveal helpful information.

2. Select Suitable Games

   Many users overlook comfort ratings for games or are unaware of their importance. Consequently, they might jump into highly stimulating experiences like roller coasters or zero-gravity simulations, resulting in simulator sickness and diminished confidence in VR. Ideal first experiences should be labeled as "comfortable" and feature minimal movement in 3D space. Titles like Moss, Job Simulator, Tilt Brush, The Lab, and Waltz of the Wizard provide enjoyable interactions without overwhelming motion.

3. Take Regular Breaks

   Manufacturers typically recommend a 15-minute break after every 15–30 minutes of VR use. Although many users tend to exceed this guideline, it's a solid starting point. Additionally, taking breaks can help prevent eye strain. During these pauses, consider practicing breathing exercises to maintain calm, especially if anxiety or claustrophobia is a concern.

4. Adjust Your Headset Properly

   Each individual's head shape and facial features vary, but most VR headsets can be adjusted to fit comfortably. Look for adjustable straps, swappable facial interfaces, or dials for optimal clarity. If discomfort persists, consider third-party accessories like alternative straps or prescription lenses.

5. Explore Home Remedies

   Nausea, a common symptom of simulator sickness, has been studied extensively in traditional medicine. A time-tested remedy is ginger, which can be consumed in various forms an hour before your VR session. Staying hydrated is also vital, along with sucking on hard candies to alleviate symptoms.

6. Adopt the "Power Stance"

   For experiences requiring body movement, the "power stance" — standing with a wide stance and your dominant foot forward — can provide stability. This posture helps maintain balance, reducing the risk of feelings of unsteadiness that may worsen simulator sickness.

7. Utilize a Fan

   While it may sound odd, using a fan can simulate motion and keep you cool during VR sessions, which is especially beneficial for motion-heavy experiences.

8. Consider Anti-Nausea Accessories

   Various anti-nausea devices are available, from acupressure bracelets to electrostimulation products. In my experience, electrostimulation has yielded better results for participants in my studies. Fluid-filled anti-motion sickness glasses are also promising and may offer relief during VR.

9. Avoid VR When Unwell

   If you are feeling sick, engaging in VR can intensify discomfort. Should you choose to play, opt for games with minimal motion, as previously mentioned.

10. Consult Anti-Nausea Medications

    For individuals prone to nausea and dizziness outside of VR, stronger preventative measures may be necessary. Over-the-counter medications like Dramamine and Benadryl can be effective. Some individuals also consider natural alternatives like marijuana or hemp oil, but legality varies by location. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new regimen.

11. Gradually Increase Exposure

    For avid gamers, starting slowly may be frustrating, but with simulator sickness, once symptoms begin, reversing them can be challenging. Gradually increasing exposure can help build tolerance over time.