The Remarkable Legacy of Anna Atkins: A Pioneer in Photography
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Chapter 1: The Birth of Cyanotypes
Imagine we’re having a conversation, and I mention the name Anna Atkins. I wouldn’t be surprised if your expression remained neutral, as many may not know who she is. I only discovered her significance when I began exploring cyanotypes and launched my small business a year and a half ago.
Before diving into Anna's story, it's essential to clarify what cyanotypes are. This photographic technique, developed in 1842 by Sir John Herschel, is derived from the Greek term meaning "dark blue impression." The process starts with mixing two chemicals: ferric ammonium citrate and potassium ferricyanide in water. This mixture is sensitive to UV light and can be applied to various surfaces, including paper and fabric. Upon coating a chosen surface with this UV-sensitive solution, the color transitions from light green to a dark blue and eventually to a dull brown-grey. After a rinse with tap water for a few minutes, the striking Prussian Blue appears, revealing a blueprint-like photograph.
Chapter 1.1: Observing the Process
On days with high UV exposure, the transformation is visible within minutes, making it an exciting process to witness. For those with a scientific curiosity, it becomes a fascinating hobby, allowing for experimentation with different variables to observe their effects on the final outcome.
Section 1.1.1: The Life of Anna Atkins
Now, let’s return to Anna. Born in 1799, she tragically lost her mother early in life. Her father, Mr. Children, was a naturalist, and I envision naturalists from that era as multi-disciplinary scholars in fields such as zoology and chemistry. He often associated with other scientists, including Sir John Herschel, creating an environment rich in scientific inquiry for Anna during her formative years.
This context is significant, considering that women were not typically welcomed in scientific circles during the 1800s. Anna's unique upbringing provided her both challenges and opportunities, ultimately leading to her remarkable contributions.
Chapter 1.2: Anna’s Innovative Spirit
Anna’s passion for cyanotypes was ignited by her desire to document previously unrecorded seaweed along the English coast. She aimed to create a field guide titled "Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions." Collaborating with her assistant, Anne Dixon, she employed the cyanotype technique to illustrate her findings.
The result was over 400 stunning botanical plates, unique in their beauty. Anna successfully self-published her work in three volumes, but today, only 17 copies remain. This compilation is recognized as the first photography book ever published.
Chapter 2: A Personal Connection
The story of Anna Atkins resonates with me, not only as a tribute to a pioneering woman but also because I share her dual passion for science and cyanotype art. The powerful interplay between art and science is something I’ve experienced firsthand.
Moreover, I find it fascinating that Anna created her art using sunlight in England, a place not renowned for its bright weather. As I reflect on this from my own cloudy Seattle, I am left in awe of the many layers this narrative reveals.
In this video, "Anna Atkins & the World's First Photo Book - Objectivity 5," learn more about Anna Atkins's groundbreaking work and her historical significance in photography.
The second video, "Photo books that Changed My Perspective (must-read)," explores influential photo books that have shaped the field, including Atkins's remarkable contributions.